Chapter I — General provisions
Chapter II — Principles
Chapter III — Rights of the data subject
Chapter IV — Controller and processor
Chapter V — Transfers of personal data to third countries or international organisations
Chapter VI — Independent supervisory authorities
Chapter VII — Cooperation
Chapter VIII — Remedies, liability and penalties
Chapter IX — Implementing acts
Chapter X — Final provisions
Recitals 13 / 107
A criminal offence within the meaning of this Directive should be an autonomous concept of Union law as interpreted by the Court of Justice of the European Union (the ‘Court of Justice’).